CCTV
 
 
 
 Frequently Asked Questions
 and Glossary

To help our customers better understand some of the features of CCTV Systems, we have prepared a short list of Frequently Asked Questions.

If you would like more detailed information, please continue down the page to the Glossary.

Please click on each FAQ / Glossary title to view the answer.

If you are unable to find the information you need or have further questions, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Frequently Asked Questions
Please click on a question to view the answer
  • WHAT IS CCTV?
    • Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) is a system including cameras, lenses, monitors and recording equipment to enable visual surveillance of live or recorded images. As the name would suggest it is a closed circuit meaning that all components are connected directly and, unlike a television broadcast, can not be viewed by just any receiver.
 
  • WHAT IS CCTV USED FOR?
    • The primary functions of CCTV are: Surveillance: To detect incidents and co-ordinate a response. Recording events: For use as evidence if required, and to assist with any investigation thereafter. Deterrence: To discourage criminal activity. All achieved with the use of CCTV security equipment.
 
  • HOW WILL I KNOW WHAT SYSTEM I NEED?
    • DS Systems has extensive experience in supplying, installing and maintaining CCTV systems, from simple single camera units, to multi camera systems which integrate with other electronic systems over multi site set ups. We have a proven record of understanding of customers' individual needs and providing cost effective CCTV solutions.
 
  • WHAT IS DIGITAL CCTV?
    • A digital CCTV system uses a DVR (Digital Video Recorder), to store recorded images, rather than using video cassettes as analogue systems do. The advantages of a digital system are: higher image quality; ease of data retrieval and copying of evidence; convenient and more compact storage options; increased data such as time and date; playback of images whilst system is still recording.
 
  • WHAT IS A DVR?
    • A DVR, or Digital Video Recorder, is a device that records video in a digital format to a disc drive. A DVR is capable of recording images from multiple cameras whilst simultaneously allowing users to view live and recorded images. Any recorded images are stored on the internal hard drive of the DVR for a preset amount of time, to allow the user to retrieve any incidents when required.
 
  • CAN I VIEW IMAGES REMOTELY?
    • All DVR's installed by DS Systems are supplied with CCTV viewing software enabling the user to view images either locally or from remote locations. The DVR is connected via an Ethernet cable to the users router and software loaded on to the users remote PC. The software is then set up with the IP address of the router and the user can view images from the CCTV security equipment from wherever they are.
 
  • WHAT IS REMOTE MONITORING?
    • Remote monitoring consists of integrating a CCTV system with perimeter protection, with a professionally managed remote monitoring service thus providing security 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Digital cameras are installed at strategic locations around the premises and linked to external movement detectors, if one of the detectors is triggered, images from the cameras are instantly sent to the remote monitoring centre. The highly trained operators at the central station can then identify and act on the necessary action. Upon observing anything suspicious or on system activation, the monitoring team reacts immediately by issuing verbal warnings over an intercom link or alerting police or specified personnel.
 
  • WHAT IS MOTION DETECTION?
    • With motion detection set on a DVR, any camera will record a higher number of frames per second from the particular camera when there is movement on the screen. This saves space on the hard drive by recording fewer images when there is no activity on a site and means that if there is an incident, then a more detailed series of images is recorded.
 
  • HOW IS CCTV AFFECTED BY THE DATA PROTECTION ACT?
    • The Data Protection Act (1998) ensures that all personal data is used in a professional and responsible manner; this relates to CCTV because images of people are classed as 'data'. Information about people which is taken from images, such as vehicle registration numbers is also classed as data. Because of this, the Act is applicable to CCTV systems and covers most uses of CCTV by organisations regardless of the number of cameras. For more information please visit the Data Protection Act section of our website.
 
 
Glossary
Please click on a term
to view the explanation
  • Auto Iris
    • A diaphragm device in the lens that adjusts to light level changes. The iris diaphragm opens or closes the aperture to control the amount of light coming through the lens.
 
 
 
 
  • Backlight Compensation
    • Electronically compensates for high background lighting to give detail which would normally be silhouetted.
 
  • CCD
    • Stands for charged coupled device. This is a solid state semi conductor element which uses hundreds of thousands of tiny pixel elements to accept light and translate that information into a vivid visible picture image. This is the standard type of imager used in CCTV cameras.
 
  • Closed Circuit TV Systems
    • The use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors, the signal is not openly transmitted.
 
  • Covert Cameras
    • Cameras which are disguised as everyday objects so that people are not aware of their location.
 
  • Day/Night Camera
    • This camera is designed to function in colour mode during normal lighting, but once the light drops below the designated level, it will continue to operate in monochrome format. This allows it to function at much lower light levels than a standard colour camera.
 
  • Dummy Camera
    • Non functional camera designed to fool people into believing they are being monitored. These cameras are intentionally placed in obvious places so they are noticed.
 
  • DVR
    • Digital Video Recorder which records video pictures digitally.
 
  • EPOS
    • Electronic Point of Sale, refers to cash handling equipment such as cash registers through to sophisticated 'back office' PC based centralised systems. It is possible to interface some types of DVRs and CCTV systems to EPOS systems allowing for overlay of transactions onto the camera images. It is also often possible to view, store and search transactions.
 
  • Field of View
    • The width and height or area desired to be covered by one CCTV camera. This area is determined by the focal length of the lens on the camera and the distance the camera is mounted from the scene.
 
  • Focal Length
    • The distance from the focal point or centre of the CCTV lens to the focal plane or image pick-up device and usually expressed in millimetres(mm). The larger the number, the longer the lens and the more telephoto the field of view.
 
  • HAD
    • Hole Accumulated Diode. A type of CCD sensor with a layer designed to accumulate holes (in the electronic sense), thus reducing noise level.
 
  • Infra Red Light
    • Is a frequency of light which is lower than the human eye's visible spectrum and is used for discrete illumination in CCTV systems.
 
  • IP68
    • Ingress protection 68, 6 = dust tight & 8 = protection against complete, continuous submersion in water from 15 metres or 50 feet.
 
  • IR Cut Filter
    • An IR Cut Filter is an extra filter inside the camera that moves behind the camera lens when it gets dark. A camera with an IR Cut Filter will produce very high quality images in low light conditions.
 
  • Lux
    • used to specify how sensitive cameras are to light (measured in lumens/sq metre)
 
  • Monochrome Cameras
    • Cameras are available with either colour or monochrome image sensors. Monochrome cameras are typically referred to as black and white because the video image they produce is in shades of grey.
 
  • Pinhole Camera
    • Indicates a video camera with a tiny pinhole lens built-in standard with the camera.
 
  • Pinhole Lens
    • A lens with a relatively small front opening so it can be used in covert application.
 
 
  • Remote Viewing
    • This is a feature of many DVR video recorders. It allows users to monitor CCTV cameras over the internet from virtually any computer in the world.
 
  • Resolution
    • Used to express the fineness of an image indicated by the number of TV lines that make up the image. The higher the number of lines, the higher the resolution.
 
  • Super HAD
    • An improved version of the CCD HAD technology, utilising on-chip micro-lens technology to provide increased sensitivity without increasing the pixel size.
 
  • TVL
    • Television Lines, is the measurement used to state the resolution of analogue TV devices. It has long been the benchmark used in CCTV to rate the resolution performance of CCTV cameras and monitors. The higher the TVL rating of a device the more detail it is capable of capturing or displaying.
 
  • Varifocal Lens
    • A CCTV camera lens with a focal length/viewing angle that can be manually adjusted to suit the camera view required. Typical Vari Focal lens lengths are 2.5mm-10mm, 3.5mm-8mm, 5mm-50mm.
 
  • Zoom Lens
    • A camera lens that can vary the focal length while keeping the object in focus, giving an impression of coming closer to or going away from an object.
 
 
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